Jewishness of the Lord’s Prayer

ܗܳܟ݂ܰܢܳܐ ܗܳܟ݂ܺܝܠ ܨܰܠܰܘ ܐܰܢ݈ܬ݁ܽܘܢ ܐܰܒ݂ܽܘܢ ܕ݁ܒ݂ܰܫܡܰܝܳܐ ܢܶܬ݂ܩܰܕ݁ܰܫ ܫܡܳܟ݂ ܀
ܬ݁ܺܐܬ݂ܶܐ ܡܰܠܟ݁ܽܘܬ݂ܳܟ݂ ܢܶܗܘܶܐ ܨܶܒ݂ܝܳܢܳܟ݂ ܐܰܝܟ݁ܰܢܳܐ ܕ݁ܒ݂ܰܫܡܰܝܳܐ ܐܳܦ݂ ܒ݁ܰܐܪܥܳܐ ܀
ܗܰܒ݂ ܠܰܢ ܠܰܚܡܳܐ ܕ݁ܣܽܘܢܩܳܢܰܢ ܝܰܘܡܳܢܳܐ ܀
ܘܰܫܒ݂ܽܘܩ ܠܰܢ ܚܰܘܒ݁ܰܝܢ ܐܰܝܟ݁ܰܢܳܐ ܕ݁ܳܐܦ݂ ܚܢܰܢ ܫܒ݂ܰܩܢ ܠܚܰܝܳܒ݂ܰܝܢ ܀
ܘܠܳܐ ܬ݁ܰܥܠܰܢ ܠܢܶܣܝܽܘܢܳܐ ܐܶܠܳܐ ܦ݁ܰܨܳܢ ܡܶܢ ܒ݁ܺܝܫܳܐ ܡܶܛܽܠ ܕ݁ܕ݂ܺܝܠܳܟ݂ ܗ݈ܝ ܡܰܠܟ݁ܽܘܬ݂ܳܐ ܘܚܰܝܠܳܐ ܘܬ݂ܶܫܒ݁ܽܘܚܬ݁ܳܐ ܠܥܳܠܰܡ ܥܳܠܡܺܝܢ ܀

9Thus pray: Our Father who art in the heavens! Be sanctified thy Name. 10Come thy kingdom. Be done thy will, as in heaven, also in earth. 11Give to us the bread of our need to-day; 12and forgive us our debts, as also we forgive our debtors; 13and lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from the evil. For thine is the kingdom and the power and the glory to the age of ages.
(Matthew 6:9-13)

The Lord's Prayer, the only prayer that was taught directly by Jesus to His disciples. This prayer taught by Jesus to warn His disciples not to pray in a long-winded or too long because the Almighty God as the destination in advance of prayer already know so no need to pray at length. "And when thou art praying, be not wordy, like the profane; for they think that in much speaking they are heard. Be you not like them, for your Father knoweth what is needful for you before that you ask him."(Matthew 6:7-8) Some opinions state that the word “me battalogesete” μη βατταλογησητε, which is used in verse 7 of Matthew 6, defined as "use not vain repetitions", repetitions of the same words continuously spoken. Certainly Jesus does not mean to condemn all repetition in prayer since he himself prayed three times in Gethsemane “saying the same words again” (Matthew 26:44). What is forbidden is not much praying, nor praying in the same words (the Lord did both), but making the number of prayers, length of prayers, or time spent in praying, a point of observance and of merit.

The Lord's Prayer that Jesus taught basically has parallels with the Jewish Prayer Qaddish commonly used in Jewish synagogues. Qaddish prayer feels different from other Jewish prayers for not using vocalized Hebrew but in Aramaic, the language is also used of Jesus in their daily life.

יִתְגַּדַּל וְיִתְקַדַּשׁ שְׁמֵהּ רַבָּא.
בְּעָלְמָא דִּי בְרָא כִרְעוּתֵהּ
וְיַמְלִיךְ מַלְכוּתֵהּ
וְיַצְמַח פֻּרְקָנֵהּ וִיקָרֵב(קיץ) מְשִׁיחֵהּ
בְּחַיֵּיכוֹן וּבְיוֹמֵיכוֹן
וּבְחַיֵּי דְכָל בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל
בַּעֲגָלָא וּבִזְמַן קָרִיב. וְאִמְרוּ אָמֵן

Yitgaddal veyitqaddash shmeh rabba. Beʻalma di vra khir'uteh veyamlikh malkhuteh [veyatzmaḥ purqaneh viqarev (qetz) meshiḥeh] beḥayekhon uvyomekhon uvḥaye dekhol bet yisrael beʻagala uvizman qariv veʼimru Amen

May His great name be glorified and hallowed, His name is glorious, in the world which He created according to His will!. May He establish His kingdom and may His salvation blossom and His anointed be near during your lifetime and during your days, and during the lifetimes of all the House of Israel, speedily and very soon! And say, Amen.

If we see Qaddish Prayer in Aramaic, the same pattern of prayer used by Jesus when teaching the Lord's Prayer. It could be argued that the Lord's Prayer that Jesus taught is the refinement of Jewish Prayer Qaddish, with typical adjustments of Jesus who constantly call God as Father, not in the general form of the Jewish but the Father in the sense of a more personalized. Gospel of Luke presents this prayer as a personal prayer, although the Gospel of Matthew presents this prayer in the context of church worship. In the records of the church, an ancient documents, which is estimated to be written first in the 60's AD, the Didache, which means teaching, the oldest known liturgical manual for Christians, recommended disciples to pray the Lord's Prayer three times a day; this practice found its way into the canonical hours as well. The basis of prayer three times a day is the daily pattern of Jewish worship, which is still held by the apostles of Jesus Christ in Acts 3:1 and 10:9,30.

READING LIST
-A. Th. Philips, Sfer Tefilah makol hasanah. Daily Prayer with English Translation, New York: Hebrew Publishing Company)
-Joachim Jeremias, The Lord’s Prayer (Philadelphia, 1964)
-Rabbi Hayim Halevy Donin, To Be a Jew. A Guide to Jewish Observance in Contemporary Life (New York: Basic Books, 1991)